Aluminium yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv cov hlau hauv kev nqis peev casting. Hauv kev nqis peev casting (ploj ciab casting), txhuas thiab nws cov alloys tau siv nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb haum, siab thermal conductivity, siab corrosion thiab zoo Castability.
Cov hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm txhuas hlau nyob rau hauv kev nqis peev meating, ib txwm muaj alloys, txheej txheem cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv thov:
I. Qhov zoo ntawm txhuas hlau hauv kev nqis peev casting
Kev ceev faj: Aluminium hlau muaj qhov qis qis (txog 2.7 g \/ cm³), uas yog tsim rau kev tsim khoom lag luam sab nrauv, cov chaw tsheb tsheb).
Siab thermal conductivity thiab hluav taws xob conductivity siv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej xws li radarios thiab tshuab hluav taws xob uas yuav tsum tau nrawm nrawm.
Aluminium nto yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab dense oxide (al₂o₃), uas muaj zoo tsis kam mus rau atmospheric thiab tshuaj lom neeg.
Zoo fluinity, nruab nrab shrinkage (txog 6-8%), thiab qhov zoo casting kev ua haujlwm yog tsim nyog rau cov nyom sib xyaw moulding.
Seem txhuas tuaj yeem 100% siv tau thiab rov siv dua tshiab, hauv kab nrog kev txhim kho kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov.
Ii. Yam Txhuas Txhuas Alloys Rau Kev Ua Lag Luam Casting
Aluminium-silic System (al-si): zoo tshaj plaws fluidity, qis shrinkage (xws li A356, A357).
Aluminium-tooj kab system (al-cu): muaj zog, tab sis tsis muaj peev xwm Castability (xws li 2 {{}}} 1.}}, 204.0).
Aluminium-magnesium system (al-mg): muaj zog corrosion tsis kam (xws li 514. {}}} {5}}. 0).
Aluminium-zinc system (al-zn): ntuj kev laus tawv (xws li 713. 0).
III. Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Txhuas Peev Nyiaj Casting Txheej Txheem
Melting thiab pouring
Tswj kub: qhov ntsuas kub ntawm txhuas cov kua feem ntau 680-750 degree kom tsis txhob muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab oxidation suav nrog.
Degassing kev kho mob: Ua kom paub Argon lossis siv cov DEGASSER COraryser kom txo cov dej hydrogen hydrogen (Aluminium kua tau yooj yim los nqus hydrogen).
Ncuav nrawm nrawm: Fast Filling yog yuav tsum tau txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm oxide zaj duab xis sib tawg.
Pwm thiab Plhaub Tsim
Cov Khoom Siv Plhaub: Silica sol lossis aluminiumilicate ceramic slurry, zoo siab siab ruaj khov (sintering kub {{0} degree).
Plhaub qhov: cov ntu muaj ntau-txheej txheej (5-8 txheej txheem) kom muaj kev sib npaug ntawm lub zog thiab permeability.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Tom Qab
Kev Kho Cua Sov: Kev Kho Mob T6 (Cov kev daws teeb meem + cov khoom siv dag) muaj zog txhim kho lub zog (} T6 lub zog txog li 345 mpa).
Cov kev kho deg: anodizing, sandblasting lossis electroplating los txhim kho kev coj ua tau zoo thiab kev ua kom zoo nkauj.
IV. Kev cov nyom thiab cov kev daws rau txhuas peev casting
1. Oxidation suav (al₂o₃ qhov tsis xws luag)
Thaum lub sijhawm smelting thiab pouring txheej txheem, txhuas ua kua yooj yim thiab cov duab kos rau hauv lub ntsej muag, txo cov khoom siv kho kom zoo thiab zoo. Kev tiv thaiv nkas inert yog nws txoj kev daws teeb meem. Thaum lub sij hawm smelting, argon lossis nitrogen tau qhia txog saum npoo ntawm txhuas ua kua (xws li siv roj sib xyaw). Siv Nqus Plua Plav Siv Technology (nqus tsev<10⁻² mbar) to completely isolate oxygen (such as aerospace precision castings). Add a NaCl-KCl composite flux layer to absorb oxides and form a protective barrier. Use a bottom pouring gate or a serpentine runner to reduce aluminum liquid turbulence (the probability of oxide film rupture is reduced by 50%).
2. Shrinkage thiab shrinkage (solidification shrinkage tsis xws luag)
Lub Solmification shrinkage tus nqi ntawm txhuas alloy yog tus loj ({%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab}%), thiab tuab} Txoj hauj lwm riser tuaj yeem ua kom zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm kev simulation software (profast \/ Magmasoft) kom ntseeg tau tias cov cheeb tsam tuab phab ntsa solidifies kawg. Qhov chaw graphite chilled hlau nyob rau hauv qhov kub thaj tsam kom nrawm hauv chaw txias (shrinkage ntim yog txo 40%). Txau zirconium oxide chilled txheej sab hauv lub plhaub (tus nqi txias yog nce los ntawm 2-3 lub sij hawm). Ntxiv cov kab sib cav (SR) lossis tendanium (ti) los ua kom zoo dua cov nplej (xws li 356+0. 02% tus nqi yog txo los ntawm 30%).
3. Thermal tawg (solidification ntxhov siab tawg)
Txoj kev sib txawv sib txawv txias vim sib txawv ntawm phab ntsa tuab, thiab kev ntxhov siab sab hauv ntau dua li lub zog tensile ntawm cov khoom. SUIJIN txoj kev daws teeb meem yog xaiv cov kev nyuaj siab tsawg thiab siv al-Si-si alloys (xws li A357). Cov ntsiab lus silicon ntawm 7% tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kab nrib pleb tsis kam. Lub plhaub prehuating kub yog nce los ntawm 200 degree txog 450 degree los txo qhov txias gradient (tawg tus nqi yog txo los ntawm 60%). Txhim kho tus qauv, Round Corn Design (r ntau dua los yog sib npaug ntawm 3mm) kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab txoj kab kev hloov pauv nyias yog tsawg dua lossis sib npaug. Tom qab cov casting yog plhaub, thov 20-50 hz tshuab kev co kom tso cov kev ntxhov siab (tawg tsis tau los ntawm 70%).
4. Nto roughness thiab sab qhov tseeb yog
The inner surface defects of the ceramic shell (such as slurry bubbles) are transmitted to the casting, affecting the accuracy (Ra>6.3μm). SUIJIN pom zoo kom siab-precision plhaub kev npaj, siv nano-nplai silica sol (particle loj<50nm) slurry, and the shell surface finish Ra<1.6μm. Using 3D printed ceramic shells (such as ExOne S-Max Flex), the resolution reaches 140μm and the dimensional error is ±0.1mm. Electrolytic polishing of castings (voltage 12V, time 5min), Ra can be reduced from 6.3μm to 0.8μm.
5. Cov txheej txheej nyias-phab ntsa yog qhov nyuaj rau tsim
Txawm hais tias aluminium alloys muaj zoo fluidity, lawv muaj kev tsis tiav los yog txias kaw thaum lub phab ntsa tuab yog<1mm. Low-pressure/vacuum assisted pouring is required, and the pressure is controlled at 0.5-1.2 bar, and the filling speed is increased by 30% (suitable for thin-walled parts of drone frames). Optimize the permeability of the shell, add 30% mullite fiber to the ceramic slurry, and the permeability is increased from 15 cm³/(min·cm²) to 45 cm³/(min·cm²). Ultra-fine treatment of alloys, so that electromagnetic stirring + ultrasonic vibration can jointly refine the grains (grain size is reduced from 200μm to 50μm), and the fluidity is increased by 25%.
V. Yav Tom Ntej
Kev Loj Hlob Ntawm Kev Loj-Lub Zog Hnav Alloys
Nano-airced aluminium raws li cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw (xws li al-sic) kom txhim kho cov hnav tsis kam thiab muaj kev kub ntxhov.
Cov txheej txheem digital
Ai-raws li kev sim sim ua kev sim txiav txim siab ntsws thiab cia li ua kom zoo dua cov kab ke casting.
Ntsuab Casting Tshuab
Ceramic Plab Plhaub Mould nrog Bio-based binder txo cov pa roj carbon emissions los ntawm ci.
Aluminium hlau tau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom siab nyob hauv kev nqis peev meting vim nws lub khaub ncaws hnav, siab thermal conductivity thiab zoo ua poov xab ua haujlwm. Los ntawm Alloy Optimization (xws li alsi10mg), txheej txheem kev kho mob (lub tshuab ua haujlwm ua tau zoo dua) Yav tom ntej, nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab cov thev naus laus zis digital, txhuas peev kev ua haujlwm yuav ntxiv txhim kho thiab ruaj khov.